Answering Questions For Worried Parents With Diabetes

Diabetes is a major health problem. It occurs when the body either does not produce insulin, or the pancreas is unable to use the insulin efficiently. Insulin breaks down glucose, or sugar, within the body; thus, the body's inability to breakdown sugar results in high blood sugar levels. While this condition may sound benign, it can result in various health problems including kidney failure, blindness, heart attacks, blood vessel disease, and strokes. Managing diabetic illness is vital to a healthy life, but it is possible given lifestyle modifications and medication when necessary. In addition to the common worries of diabetic patients, many may experience anxiety when considering the possibility that they may pass their diabetes on to future children.

Diabetes is generally categorized into three types: Type I, Type II, or gestational diabetes. Type I diabetes occurs when the body does not produce insulin. Patients must typically rely on insulin throughout their lives following diagnosis, which usually occurs early in life. Research suggests that genetics and environment play a part in the development of Type I diabetes. Usually, each parent must provide genetic risk factors for children to develop Type I diabetes. This development is more common with Caucasians. Additionally, researchers believe that cold weather, viruses, and early diet may be environmental factors that can cause a predisposed risk for diabetes to develop into the illness. Generally, a man with Type I diabetes has a one in seventeen risk for his child to develop it as well. A woman under twenty-five has a one in twenty-five chance. However, a woman over the age of twenty-five has a one in one hundred risk of her child developing Type I diabetes. Genetics does play a role in the development of Type I diabetes, but it is not the only factor.

While diabetics with Type I do not produce insulin, Type II diabetics do not use the insulin they produce efficiently. The pancreas can not produce enough insulin to keep up with the body’s needs. This type actually has a stronger link to family history than Type I diabetes. However, this link may be connected as much to lifestyle factors as to genetics. Families tend to have similar genetics, but they also tend to have commonality with obesity, exercise habits, and dietary choices. Usually, predisposed individuals to Type II diabetes, those who have a family history of the illness, may lessen the likelihood of developing Type II diabetes with changes to diet and exercise habits. Gestational diabetes also carries a hereditary component. This type of diabetes occurs with pregnant women. It develops around the twenty-fourth week of pregnancy, and it ends with the birth of the child. While the illness generally lasts only as long as the pregnancy itself, the mother and her children are at increased risk for future development of Type II diabetes. All three types of sugar diabetes has a genetic component. However, environmental factors play a large role in the determination of whether genetic influence will result in the development of diabetes.

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